Enslavement
to
freedom
 
An African American extended family poses for a photograph, circa 1870.  Graphic rendering of the text Rising Free, Free Persons of Color

Vibrant Black communities arise
from the ashes of slavery

 

Study Areas


Enslavement

Anti-Slavery

Free Persons of Color

Underground Railroad

The Violent Decade

US Colored Troops

Year of Jubilee (1863)

20th Century

African Americans in the 1830 Census

Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Page One

Townships, and Towns
Halifax Jackson Township Millersburg
Middle Paxton Susquehanna Township Lower Paxton Township
  Hanover Township Source

1830 Census Data

Halifax

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
9 Thomas Jackson (fc)   2m 1m 1f      
9 Sharp (?) Green (fc)   3m, 1f 6f   1m, 1f    
9 Rebecca Duncan (w)           1f  
12 William Green (fc)   2m, 2f 1m 1m, 1f 1m    
12 Peter Black (fc)   1m, 1f 2m, 1f        
12 John Rewark (fc)   1f   1f   1m  
  Total (6 households) 0 8m, 5f 4m, 7f 1m, 3f 2m, 1f 1m, 1f 0

Halifax Totals

Total African American residents:  33 (16 male, 17 female)
Identified African American households:  5
African Americans living with white families:  1 female, aged 55-100.
Number of African Americans in independent households:  32 (16 male, 16, female). Note that forty percent of the free African American community in Halifax consists of children under age 10, indicating a strong family environment.

Jackson Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
16 John Freeburn   2f   1f      
17 Pompy Moore (fc)           1m  
17 Magdalena Kelly (fc)     3m 1f 1f    
  Total  (3 households) 0 2f 3m 2f 1f 1m 0

Jackson Township Totals

Total African American residents: 9 (4 male, 5 female)
Identified African American households: 2
African Americans living with white families: 3
Number of African Americans in independent households: 6 (4 male, 2, female).

Millersburg and Upper Paxton Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
20 Stephen Murray (fc)
Millersburg
  2m, 1f     1f 1m  
  Samuel Gilbert (w)
Upper Paxton
    1m        
  Total (2 households) 0 2m, 1f 1m 0 1f 1m 0

Millersburg and Upper Paxton Township Totals

Total African American residents: 6 (4 male, 2 female)
Identified African American households:  1, in Millersburg
African Americans living with white families:  1 male, age 10-24
Number of African Americans in independent households:  5 (3 male, 2 female).

Middle Paxton Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
31 George Edley (fc)   2m, 1f 2m, 2f 2m 1m, 1f    
31 James Dennis (fc)   1m   1m      
33 Joseph Bell (w)           1f  
33 Innis Green (w)   1f   1m, 1f      
33 Jacob Griffy (fc)   2f     1m, 1f    
35 Hector Emmons (w)         1m. 1f    
35 Michael Hochlander (w)   1m          
  Total (7 households) 0 4m, 4f 2m, 2f 4m, 1f 3m, 3f 1f 0

Middle Paxton Township Totals

Total African American residents: 24 (13 male, 11 female)
Identified African American households:  3
African Americans living with white families:  7
Number of African Americans in independent households:  17

Susquehanna Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
74 Peter Nathan (fc)         1m    
74 David Espe (w) 1f 55-100            
75 John B. Cox (w) 2f < 10
1f 24-36
  1m        
78 Archibald McAllister (w) 2f 10-24
1m 10-24
2m, 1f   1m      
  Total (4 households) 1m, 6f 2m, 1f 1m 1m 1m 0 0

Susquehanna Township Totals

Total African American residents: 13 (6 male, 7 female)
Identified African American households:  1
African Americans living with white families:  12, 7 of whom are identified as slaves.
Number of African Americans in independent households:  1 male

Lower Paxton Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
80 George Hague (?) (w)           1m  
81 Matthew Cowden (w)       1m, 1f      
81 James Simonton (w)           1f  
86 Rachael Ray (fc)     1f 1f      
86 Joseph Harrick (fc)   2m 1f   1m    
  Total (5 households) 0 2m 2f 1m, 2f 1m 1m, 1f 0

Lower Paxton Township Totals

Total African American residents: 10 (5 male, 5 female)
Identified African American households:  2
African Americans living with white families:  4 (2 male, 2 female)
Number of African Americans in independent households:  6

Hanover Township

Page Head of Household Slaves Free Colored Persons  (m) male  (f) female
  (w) white  fc (FPOC)   0-10 10-24 24-36 36-55 55-100 100+
90 William Anderson (fc)       1m, 1f      
90 William Simonton (w)     1f        
95 Alexander Mc??? (w) 1f 10-24            
96 James Snodgrass (w) 1m 24-36
1f 10-24
           
98 Mathias Taber (?) (fc)   1m, 3f 1m, 2f   1f 1m  
100 David Ferguson (w) 1f 10-24            
100 Robert Rogers (w) 1m 10-24            
101 Francis Lewis (fc)   1f     1m, 1f    
101 James Corbel (w) 1m 10-24            
  Total 3m, 3f 1m, 4f 1m, 3f 1m, 1f 1m, 2f 1m 0

Hanover Township Totals

Total African American residents: 21 (8 male, 13 female)
Identified African American households:  3
African Americans living with white families:  7, 6 of whom are identified as slaves.
Number of African Americans in independent households:  14


Source for this material

Population Schedules of the Fifth Census of the United States: 1830.  Pennsylvania, Dauphin County. Microfilm in the Pennsylvania State Archives, Harrisburg, PA.

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