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African American man, woman and child crouch low in a barn, facing the viewer, circa 1850.
Graphic of text Who's Who in Pennsylvania UGRR History
 
People involved with the story of Pennsylvania's Underground Railroad network, including activists, freedom seekers, station masters, conductors, financiers, lawyers, slave hunters, abolitionists, anti-slavery and pro-slavery adherents, politicians, heroes, villains, and more.

Study Areas

Enslavement

Anti-Slavery

Free Persons of Color

Underground Railroad

The Violent Decade

US Colored Troops

Civil War

Year of Jubilee (1863)

Who's Who in Pennsylvania's Underground Railroad

Columbia -- Vibrant African American Community in Lancaster County

The census of 1850 records 873 African American residents of Columbia--418 males and 455 females--out of a total population of 4140 persons.  At least 152 distinct African American families can be identified in the listings below, out of a total of 764 families in the town.  Sixty-four of those 152 African American households included at least one other person with a surname that differed from that of the head of the household, indicating the presence of an extended family, relative, friend, boarder, or possibly a servant or apprentice.  Because the 1850 census did not require the census-taker to identify the relationship of the persons in the household to the head of the household, we may never know how the sixteen people living in the Charles Clark household were related, if at all.  A total of eleven surnames can be found in that household, making it likely that at least some of the persons listed were boarders or roomers.

Regarding the development of specific African American neighborhoods, Franklin Ellis and Samuel Evans, in their History of Lancaster County, published in 1883, note "In the year 1813, Robert Magill laid out twenty lots upon Filbert Street, which came to be known as "Sawneytown," after Mr. and Mrs. Sawney, colored people, who were once slaves. Mrs. Sawney was the 'queen' of that locality, and ruled her 'subjects' most effectually. She did not hesitate to use violent means to enforce submission from those who lived near her."  (Ellis, Franklin, and Samuel Evans, History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1883)

Two important churches in the African American community were the Colored Baptist Church, begun in 1822 at Concord and Fifth Streets, and the Mount Zion African Methodist Episcopal Church, begun about the same time near Union Street. (Ellis and Evans)


African American Residents and Families of Columbia, 1850

Head of household in bold, age, sex, race, Occupation, value of real estate, place of birth, other data.  All families are listed in alphabetical order by head of household, with page number listed last.  Individual African American residents, living in white households, are listed separately with notations about the household in which they are enumerated.

Abraham, Henry, 47, male, mulatto, Barber, $400 in real estate, born in New Jersey, cannot read and write.  Page 246A.
Abraham, Elisa, 39, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Abraham, Lydia, 18, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Abraham, Alexander, 13, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Abraham, George, 11, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Abraham, Mary, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Abraham, Hariet, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Alexander, Louisa, 50, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Single person household.  Page 246A.

Bacon, Susan, 25, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 235A.
Bacon, Emanuel, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Bacon, Jesse, 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Bacon, Vincent, 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Bacon, Francis, 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Bacon, Mary, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Baker, William, 25, male, black, Laborer, $500 in real estate, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 244A.
Baker, Hariet, 21, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Baker, Caroline A., 3, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Banks, David, 59, male, black, Laborer, born in Delaware, cannot read and write.  Page 242A.
Banks, Lucy, 66, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Banks, June, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Banks, Grace, 28, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Banks, Emely, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Banks, Charles, 11, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Banks, Dandrige, 3, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Banks, Levi, 24, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Barny, Henry, 60, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 249A.
Barny, Ruth, 95, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Barny, Elisabeth, 14, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Bell, Buril, 50, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Living in Phoebe Watson dwelling.  Page 249A.
Bell, Elisa, 18, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Bell, Martha, one month, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Benson, Emanuel, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, $300 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 235B.
Benson, Hetty, 26, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Benson, Samuel, 9, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Benson, Margaret, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Benson, George, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Benson, Anna, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Bond, Frenlia, 25, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, in household of John L. Wright (white), Merchant.  Page 226B.

Bowers, Elisa, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, living in household of lumber merchant David Langford (white).  Page 209B.
Bowers, Victoria, 2, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, living in household as above.

Bowser, Charles, 25, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 246B.
Bowser, Mary, 22, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Bowser, Thomas, 50, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Fairfax, Elisa, 26, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Strate, Joshua, 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write. (see Strate obituary, 1856, below)

Brown, Henry S., 50, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, living in household of John Edwards (white).  Page 210B.
Dickson, Martha, 22, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, living in same household as above.

Brown, John, 25, male, mulatto, Carter, $200 in real estate, born in New Jersey, cannot read and write.  Page 205B.
Brown, Harriet, 30, female, mulatto, born in New Jersey, cannot read and write.
Newman, John, 14, male, black, place of birth unknown.

Brown, Mary, 40, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 246B.
Brown, Hariet, 24, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Brown, Edward, 23, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia.
Brown, Hannah, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Brown, John, 12, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Brown, David, 9, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Brown, Martha, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Brown, Elisa, 6, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Brown, Sarah, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Steward, William, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Steward, Lucinda, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Brown, Tobias, 55, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 247A.
Brown, Mary, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Brown, Sarah, 15, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Bundy, Henry, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 236A.
Bundy, Mary, 29, female, mulatto, $800 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Bundy, Emma, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Butler, Josephine, 23, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Hayden, Eliza, 23, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Burril, James, 46, male, mulatto, Merchant, $3,000 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 230A.
Burril, Sarah, 44, female, mulatto, born in Delaware.
Burril, Elizabeth, 23, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Burril, John, 22, male, mulatto, occupation: None, born in Pennsylvania.
Burril, Stephen, 19, male, mulatto, occupation: None, born in Pennsylvania.
Burril, Sarah, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Burril, Jacob, 11, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Burril, Rachel, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Burril, Rebecka, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Burril, Sylvester, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania. (later served in 54th Massachusetts, Company D)
Burril, Sebastian, 2, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Burril, Joseph, 19, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Pennsylvania.

Butler, Susan, 20, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, in household of F. S. Clarkson (white), physician.  Page 222A.

Butler, Wash, 30, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Butler, Hariet A., 25, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Byers, Henry, 53, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Byers, Hariet, 28, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Byers, Joseph, 13, male, black, born in Maryland.
Byers, Charles, 10, male, black, born in Maryland.
Byers, Elizabeth, 6, female, black, born in Maryland.
Byers, Hetty, 3, female, black, born in Maryland.
Byers, Margaret, 2, female, black, born in Maryland.

Caldwel, Seazer, 38, male, mulatto, Laborer, $450 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 243B.
Caldwel, Lydia, 40, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Caldwel, Elizabeth, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Celly, Maria, 20, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, living in hotel of John Slack (white), Locksmith.  Page 206B.
Celly, Adam, 60, male, black, born in Delaware, cannot read and write, living in same household as above.

Clark, Charles, 60, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 248A.
Clark, Jane, 30, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Clark, John W., 7, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Gater, Wash, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Johnson, Reverty, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Gater, Isaac, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Lee, Fransis, 48, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Gater, Mary, 30, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Hall, A., 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Jackson, Charles, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Williams, Zack, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Boyden, Sydny, 30, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Boyden, Caroline, 17, female, black, born in Maryland.
Parker, Perry, 25, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Edmonson, Richard, 45, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Brooks, George, 22, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.

Cleget, William, 30, male, mulatto, Barber, $400 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 235B.
Cleget, Margaret, 28, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Cleget, John, 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Cleget, William, 17, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Cleget, Loyd, 15, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Cleget, Sarah A., 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Cleget, George, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Cleget, Charles W., 3, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Lindy, Charles A., 18, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Maryland.

Coder, Jacob, 23, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 248B.
Coder, Lizey, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Coder, Mary, nine months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Coleman, Susan, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, in household of Susan Mifflin (white).  Page 217A.

Coles, John, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Living in the Wash Coles dwelling.  Page 248B.
Coles, Jane, 21, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Coles, Elisabeth, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Coles, Philip, 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Coles, Francis, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Besicks, Thomas, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Besicks, Elisabeth, 22, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Besicks, Susan H., 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Coles, Wash, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Also in dwelling, John Coles family.  Page 248B.
Coles, Maria, 21, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Coles, Walter, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Colins, Harriet, 50, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  page 241A
Colins, Ellin, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Colins, Willis, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, Hetty, 30, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Miller, Henry, 20, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wilson, James, 20, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Howard, Sam, 21, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Howard, James, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Howard, Henry, 32, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Cook, Jesse, 62, male, black, Shoemaker, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, one person household.  Page 241B.

Corlin, Amos, 50, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Corlin, Ellen, 40, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Corlin, Charity, 16, female, black, born in Maryland.
Corlin, Henry, 13, male, black, born in Maryland.
Corlin, Nickey, 7, male, black, born in Maryland.
Wilson, Rachal, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Cully, James, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 247B.
Cully, Elisabeth, 30, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Cully, Hellin E., 10, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Cully, William, 7, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Cully, Jesse, 2, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Cully, Mary, 6, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Cully, George, 8, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Johnson, Ben, 21, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Cully, Polly, 22, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Davis, Benjamin, 21, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 235A.
Davis, Ann, 34, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Davis, Stephen, 15, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Davis, Ann E., 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Davis, James D., 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jones, Caroline, 40, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wilson, John, 21, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Hopkins, Samuel, 27, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Davis, Frank, 65, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 213B.
Davis, Hannah, 65, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Smith, Ann, 41, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Smith, William B., 8, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Smith, Rebecka, four months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, Sarah, 10, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Davis, Henry, 50, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Hayti, cannot read and write.  Page 241A.
Davis, Ann, 55, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Davis, Cordilia, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Davis, Susan, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Davis, Henry, 16, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Davis, Angenet, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Davis, Nancy, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, in household of Guilford Clayborne, Post Master.  Page 221B.
Jackson, Rachel, 14, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, in household as above.

Davis, Singelton, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 229B.
Davis, Elizabeth, 24, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Davis, Isaac, 4, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Dellam, Michael, 55, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 243A.   (Note:  A Michael Dellam from Columbia served in the 22nd USCI, Company K, although probably not this individual, as he would have been over 65 years old)
Dellam, Margaret, 54, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Dellam, William, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Dellam, James, 27, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Dellam, Nancy, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Dellam, William, 40, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Dellam, Hetty, 30, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Dellam, Thomas, 21, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Pennsylvania.
Dellam, Elisabeth, 16, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Dellam, Grasey, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Dickerson, Hariet, 45, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 244A.
Dickerson, James, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Dickerson, Ann M., 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Dickerson, Samuel, 7, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Dorety, John, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, living in same dwelling as Ann Jones.  Page 241B.
Dorety, Mary, 34, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Bidel, Thomas, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Dorsy, Sam, 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Sheilds, Jacob, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Dorsey, John, 42, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 242A
Dorsey, Louisa, 39, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Dorsey, John, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Dorsey, Robert, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Dorsey, Rachel, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Dorsey, William, 22, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, in household of merchant Joseph W. Cottrell (white).  Page 221B.

Dorsy, Allin, 60, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Dwelling includes the William Dorsy family.  Page 247B.
Dorsy, Anna, 39, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Dorsy, Elisabeth, 14, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Dorsy, Richard A., 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, married within the year.  Page 242A.
Dorsy, Sarah, 19, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ellis, Joseph, 32, male, mulatto, Oysterman, born in Pennsylvania.
Ellis, Sena, 38, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Ellis, Elizabeth, 18, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ellis, Robert, 15, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ellis, Sena, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ellis, Emely, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Ellis, Abner, 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Ellis, Joseph, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Hall, Nancy, 70, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Dorsy, Sam, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 243 B.
Dorsy, Sophia, 35, female, black, born in Maryland.
Dorsy, Hariet E., 1, female, black, born in Maryland.
Taylor, Levi, 28, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Taylor, Sarah, 25, female, black, born in Maryland.
Taylor, Beckey, 4, female, black, born in Maryland.
Taylor, Jacob, 1, male, black, born in Maryland.

Dorsy, William, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, married within the year, cannot read and write.  Living in the Allin Dorsy dwelling.  Page 247B.
Dorsy, Mary, 18, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Ellot, Barbara, 16, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, in household of John W. Houston (white), Nurseryman.  Page 225B.

Eskins, William, 45, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia.  Page 243B.
Eskins, Hariet, 49, female, mulatto, born in Virginia.
Eskins, Mary, 16, female, mulatto, born in Virginia.
Eskins, Elson, 13, male, mulatto, born in Virginia, attended school within the year.
Eskins, William H., 10, male, mulatto, born in Virginia, attended school within the year.
Eskins, Jeremiah, 9, male, mulatto, born in Virginia, attended school within the year.

Fairfax, Jesse, 30, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Elisa Hibler also lives with family.  Page 246B.
Fairfax, Elisa, 26, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Fairfax, Lucinda, 9, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Fairfax, Mary, 4, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Fairfax, Abraham, 3, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Fairfax, Sarah, 1, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Fesset, Elisa, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 205B.
Fesset, Elisa, 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Fisher, Charman, 24, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Fisher, Elisa, 20, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Fisher, David, 4, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Lee, Hannah, 65, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Fox, Webster, 32, male, black, Shoemaker, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, living at the inn of George Fisher (white). Page 213A.

George, Daniel, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, place of birth unknown.  Page 234B.
George, Mary, 40, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
George, Amanda, 14, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
George, Harriet, 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
George, Lorenzo, 9, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
George, Henrieta, 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
George, Anna, 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Gohn, John, 45, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Gohn, Beckey, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Gohn, Nancy, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Green, Evan, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, in household of Peter Haldeman (white), Merchant.  Page 225B.
Brown, Elisa, 30, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, in household as above.
Brown, Hannah, 16, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write, in household as above.
Smith, Amelia, 20, female, black, born in Maryland, in household as above.

Green, Evan, 28, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 222A.
Green, Maria, 31, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Coats, Nathaniel, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Family in household of Evan Green.
Coats, Presilia, 24, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Green, John, 33, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 247B.
Green, Elisa, 39, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Green, Allin, 21, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Green, Ellen, 17, female, black, born in Maryland.
Green, Cornelos, 15, male, black, Farmer, born in Maryland.
Green, Mary, 8, female, black, born in Maryland.
Green, Joseph, 7, male, black, born in Maryland.
Green, Martha, 7, female, black, born in Maryland.
Green, Margaret, 3, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Green, John, 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Green, John, 50, male, mulatto, Laborer, $900 in real estate, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 234A.
Green, Mary A., 45, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Guster, Elizabeth, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Guster, Eligah, 17, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Guster, Joseph, 12, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Hall, James, 26, male, mulatto, Shoemaker, born in Maryland.  Page 233B.
Hall, Maria, 34, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Hall, Mary E., 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Hall, Sarah R., 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Hamilton, Roderick, 48, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 229B.
Clark, Sarah, 32, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Clark, John, 14, male, mulatto, place of birth unknown.
Clark, Lewis, 12, male, mulatto, place of birth unknown.
Clark, Elisha, 10, male, mulatto, place of birth unknown.
Clark, William, 8, male, mulatto, place of birth unknown.

Harris, Cely, 40, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 248B.
Brady, Caty, 63, female, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Henderson, Elisabeth, 50, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 246B.
Henderson, Sharlot, 19, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Henderson, Margaret, 19, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Henderson, Martha, 24, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Henderson, Sarah, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Henderson, Mary, 8, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Henderson, Minna (?), 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Henderson, P. Daniel, 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Henderson, Margaret, 19, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, living in household of Martin Irvin (white).  Page 218A.

Hibler, Elisa, 18, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Living in dwelling of Jesse Fairfax.  Page 246B.

Hill, Edward, 35, male, black, Gardener, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, family in same dwelling as Loney, Robert. Page 235B.
Hill, Jane, 37, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Hill, Margaret, 6, female, black, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Hipper, Benjamin, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 231A.
Hipper, Sophia, 37, female, white, $700 in real estate, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Hipper, Samuel, 12, male, white, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Hollingsworth, James, 52, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 248B.
Hollingsworth, Amelia, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Hollingsworth, Rebecka, 19, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Hollingsworth, Samuel, 13, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Hollingsworth, Levi, 18, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Free, John, 30, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Hood, Pery, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, $600 in real estate, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Bishop, Isaac, 38, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia.
Bishop, Matilda, 28, female, mulatto, born in Virginia.
Bishop, Catherine, 8, female, mulatto, born in Virginia.

Horner, Sarah, 48, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, living at inn of Joseph Black (white).  Page 208B.
Harris, Diana, 22, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, living in same household as above.
Williams, Mary, 22, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, living in same household as above.
Newbery, Thomas, 50, male, black, Porter, born in Pennsylvania, living in same household as above.
Fox, Emmanuel, 26, male, black, Ostler, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, living in same household as above.

Howard, Dolley, 52, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 242A.
Howard, William, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Howard, Susan, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Howard, Elisa, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Hunn, Peter, 48, male, black, Car Agent, born in Delaware.  Page 205A
Hunn, Mary, 28, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Wesley, Sarah, 20, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wesley, Charlote, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Jackson, Benjamin, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 234B.
Jackson, Mary, 24, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Brown, Harriet, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Jackson, Charles, 57, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 246B.
Jackson, Alice, 51, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Jackson, Joseph, 18, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Jackson, Ann, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jackson, Alice, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Jackson, Harriet, 35, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 241A.
Jackson, George, 20, male, mulatto, Barber, born in Pennsylvania.
Jackson, Mary, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
King, Elisabeth, 28, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
King, Mary J., 4, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Brown, Henry, 60, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.

Jackson, Sarah, 16, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, living at inn of Daniel Herr (white).  Page 211A.
Williams, Amelia, 14, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year, living as above.
Dewine, Calib, 45, male, mulatto, Porter, born in Pennsylvania, living at inn as above.

Jackson, William, 38, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write. Page 248A.
Jackson, Louisa, 28, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Jackson, Elizabeth, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Jackson, George, ten months, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jackson, Mary, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jackson, Samuel, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomson, Judge, 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Thomson, William, 21, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Johnson, A., 36, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 242A.
Johnson, Charlot, 33, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Johnson, Mary C., 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Johnson, Alexander, 8, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Johnson, Lydia, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Johnson, Samuel, 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Johnson, Crismas, 58, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 248A. 
Johnson, Rosana, 52, female, black, born in Maryland.
Johnson, Crismas, 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Johnson, Susan, 16, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Johnson, Elisa, 24, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, living at inn of John Barr (white).  Page 210A.
Holaway, Elisa, 48, female, black, place of birth unknown, cannot read and write, living at inn as above.
Davis, Henry, 24, male, mulatto, Porter, born in Pennsylvania, living at inn as above.

Johnson, Emline, 17, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, living in household of James Haughy (white), contractor.  Page 218B.

Johnson, Mary, 23, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 248A.
Johnson, Elisabeth, 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Johnson, John, 3, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Johnson, James, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Miller, Hariet, 35, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Miller, Mary, 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Johnson, William, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, in dwelling of James Taylor.  Page 245A.
Johnson, Mary J., 23, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Johnson, Henry, 2, male, black, born in Maryland.
Green, Becky, 19, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Johnson, Mary, 31, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Jones, Ann, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  The John Dorety family lives in same dwelling.  Page 241B.

Jones, John, 26, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 248A.
Jones, Louisa, 21, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Jones, Louisa, 7, female, black, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Winston, John, 20, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.

Jones, Richard, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 235B.
Jones, Rosana, 35, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jones, Mary J., 16, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jones, Sarah, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Basin, Horace, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, place of birth unknown.

Jones, Samuel, 25, male, mulatto, Brick moulder, born in Pennsylvania, married within the year. Living in the John Dorsey dwelling.  Page 242A.
Jones, Sarah, 78, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Jones, Manard S., three months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Jorden, Cato, 37, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write. Page 216B.
Jorden, Susan, 35, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Jorden, Sarah, 3, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Juniper, William, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, $250 in real estate, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 235A.
Juniper, Sarah A., 34, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Juniper, William H., 5, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Loney, Martha, 40, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 246B.
Loney, Robert, 13, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Loney, Daniel, 9, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Jackson, Hariet, 17, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Cassel, Mary, 27, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Isaac, Henry, 32, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Isaac, George, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Price, William, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Davis, John B., 30, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Davis, Elisabeth, 40, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Loney, Robert, 36, male, black, Laborer, $600 in real estate, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 235B. (Underground Railroad activist)
Wilson, Adline, 37, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wilson, Mamy, 4, female, black, born in Maryland.
Wilson, James L., 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilson, John A., three months, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Lony, James, 28, male, black, Laborer, $400 in real estate, born in Virginia.  Page 249B.
Lony, Amelia, 23, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Lony, James, 3, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Lony, Benjamin F., 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Madison, James, 35, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 247A.
Wilson, Martha, 40, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  See also Mary Wilson.
Wilson, Sarah, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Wilson, Persilia, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilson, Julian, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Malson, Abram, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 247B.
Malson, Margaret, 29, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Malson, Jacob, 12, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Malson, James, 10, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania. (James Molson served in Company B, 41st USCI)
Malson, Simon, 7, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania. (Simon Molson served in Company I, 25th USCI)
Malson, David, 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  (David Molson served in Company B, 41st USCI)
Malson, Clarkson, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Malson, Rebecka, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Stump, Mary, 48, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Cary, Benjamin, 27, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Cary, Daniel, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Matock, Martha, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, in household of merchant William Athins (white).  Page 221A.

Miller, Dad, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 249B.
Miller, Julian, 29, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Dickerson, Joseph, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.

Miller, Isaac, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, $500 in real estate, born in Maryland.  Page 244A.
Miller, Becka, 34, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Miller, Henry, 6, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Jacob, Peter, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Carl, Thomas, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Miller, Sharlotte, 53, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Miller, Margaret, 28, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Miller, Edward, 28, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Miller, Thomas, 2, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Monture, Glascow, 52, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 248A.
Monture, Jane, 44, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Monture, James, 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Monture, Glasco, 15, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Monture, Robert, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Monture, Hannah, 12, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year. (see Monture, Hannah, below)
Monture, Phoebe, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Monture, Hetty, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Monture, Hannah, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, in household of A. Boggs (white), Clerk.  Page 224B.

Moore, James, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 249A. (James Moore served in 2nd US Colored Cavalry, Company L)
Moore, Sarah, 25, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Moore, Hannah, 7, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Moore, Emely, 4, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Moore, James, 1, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Morris, George, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, $200 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 233B.
Morris, Susan, 39, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Morris, John, 15, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Mary, 13, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Isabela, 12, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Sarah, 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Georgian, 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Thomas, 2, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Morris, Margaret, 1, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Butler, Sarah, 20, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Morris, Nancy, 70, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 244B.
Thomas, Robert, 37, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Thomas, Mary, 35, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Thomas, Sharlote, 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Julian, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Robert W., 7, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Caroline, 4, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Sarah E., 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Thomas, Mary F., eight months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Morris, Simon, 35, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 246B.
Morris, Elisa, 40, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Mullin, John, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year, living in household of Charles Mullin (white).  Page 220A.  Note:  John is listed along with the other four Mullin children, yet in the family, only John is listed as mulatto.

Myers, Upton, 37, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Living in the Elisabeth Stepny dwelling.  Page 246A.
Myers, Minerva, 48, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Myers, Joseph, 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Myers, Nathan, 16, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Myers, Elisabeth, 12, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Myers, Mary, 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Prise, Jane, 76, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Newbery, Henry, 31, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  page 232B.
Newbery, Louisa, 36, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Newbery, John, 13, male, mulatto, Carter, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Newbery, George W., 12, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Newbery, Zacharia, 10, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Newbery, Charles, 8, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Newbery, Hesikia, 3, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Newbery, William W., 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Newbery, Ann, 57, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Newbery, John, 60, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Brown, Matilda, 30, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Newman, Henry, 35, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 244A.
Newman, Martha, 25, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Newman, Liza, 2, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Newman, Maria, one month, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Nury, Thimothy, 57 (? age is written over), male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 205B.
Smith, Christian, 48, male, white, Laborer, born in Germany.

Ogel, Sharlote, 39, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 246A.
Ogel, William, 30, male, mulatto, None, born in Pennsylvania.
Ogel, Samuel, 7, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Ogel, Sarah, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ogel, Rebecka, ten months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Ogel, Perry, 6, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Pane, Philis, 80, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write, one person household.  Page 246B.

Patterson, George, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Patterson, Ann, 42, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Patterson, Stephen, 15, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Patterson, Sarah, 18, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Patterson, Rhoda, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Patterson, Roland, 13, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Patterson, Jane, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Patterson, Julian, 6, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Patterson, Catherine, 3, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Patterson, Robert, 45, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 220A.
Patterson, Catherine, 39, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Maulson, Catherine, 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Philips, Ben, 28, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 243A.
Philips, Martha, 26, female, black, born in Maryland.
Philips, George L., three months, male, black, born in Maryland.
Philips, Robert, 8, male, black, born in Maryland.
Philips, William E., 5, male, black, born in Maryland.
Philips, Hariet, 3, female, black, born in Maryland.
Wilson, George, 23, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.

Plesent, Edward, 48, male, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 242B.
Plesent, Amelia, 50, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Attelberry, Bill, 20, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Plesents, Philip, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia.  Page 243A.
Plesents, Hager, 45, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Plesents, Sarah F., 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Plesents, Hester, 17, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Plesents, Isaac, 14, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Plesents, Peter, 57, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Plesents, Henry, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Powder, Malinda, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, in household of Sarah A. Camel (white).  Page 213B.

Price, William, 30, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 241A.
Price, Betsy, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Price, Patience A., 16, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Price, Mirinda J., 13, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Price, Sarah E., 12, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Price, Martha L., 3, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Prosa, Hariet, 35, female, black, $400 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 244A.
Prosa, George, 8, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Prosa, Hariet, 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Prosa, Isaac, 3, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Prosa, Rebeca, 3, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Bosler, Isaac, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.

Puder, Andrew, 38, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 242B.
Puder, Julian, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Puder, Jesse, 15, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Puder, Hannah, 13, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Puder, Mary A., 11, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Puder, Melinda, 7, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Puder, Actios, 4, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Puder, William, eleven months, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Mould, Actios, 54, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Stout, Daniel, 60, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Canada, cannot read and write.
Stout, Alice, 50, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Stout, Martha J., 14, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Stout, Margaret A., 12, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Stout, James B., 10, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Stout, Alice, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Puder, Hannah, 14, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year, in household of Elizabeth Wright (white).  Page 225B.

Ringer, George, 25, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Ringer, Mary, 25, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Ringer, Georgian, 4, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Ringer, William, 2, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Johnson, Emline, 15, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Rise, Richard, 54, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 241B.
Rise, Henrieta, 49, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Rise, Lovina J., 17, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Rise, James B., 15, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Rise, Margaret M., 11, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Apelby, John, 23, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Hull, Dennis, 27, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Miller, Stephen, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Miller, Ellin, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Miller, John, six months, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Roberts, Ben, 25, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, married within the year, cannot read and write.  Page 247A.
Roberts, Julian, 20, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Shealds, Syrus, 23, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, married within the year, cannot read and write.  Page 249B.
Shealds, Amanda, 19, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Holland, Denis, 25, male, black, born in Maryland.

Simons, John H. 35, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 210B.
Brown, Elisa, 36, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Sisco, John, 40, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Sisco, Adline, 30, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Sisco, Ann, 7, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Sisco, George, 1, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Sisco, John, 41, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 249B.
Sisco, Adline, 30, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Harper, Susan, 14, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Harper, Maria, 8, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Harper, George, four months, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Smith, Bell, 74, female, mulatto, no occupation listed, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Family living in household of Susan Bethel (white), 81. Page 205A.
Smith, Elizabeth, 25, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Smith, Ann, 35, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.

Smith, George, 37, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 249A.
Smith, Candes, 39, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Smith, Persilia, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Smith, Phoebe, 12, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Smith, Eldrige, 8, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Smith, Candice, 6, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Smith, Charles, 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, Elisabeth, 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Smith, James S., 21, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, married within the year, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Smith, Catharine, 20, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Smith, Robert, 45, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245A.
Smith, Elisa, 32, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Smith, George H., 13, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Smith, John, 12, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Smith, William, 11, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Smith, Joseph, 8, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Smith, Jane, 6, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Smith, Sam, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 249A.
Smith, Pegey, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Smith, Steven, 28, male, mulatto, Car Agent, born in Pennsylvania. Page 209A.  Note: Next door neighbor is William Whipper.
Smith, Mary, 29, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Smith, Steven G., 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, William, four months, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Smith, William, 33, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 235A.
Smith, Mary, 37, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Why, Sobina, 32, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Snively, George, 44, male, mulatto, Laborer, $300 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  page 242B.
Snively, Catherine, 38, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Snively, Amelia, 8, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Snively, Zacharia, 17, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Snively, Jane, 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Snively, George, 8, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Snively, Jeremiah, 7, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Snively, Abram, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Snively, James, 4, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Stepny, Elisabeth, 48, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 246A.  Also in dwelling, Upton Myers family.
Stepny, Samuel, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Bright, Emily, 40, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Bright, William, 5, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Stevenson, John, 31, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 243A.
Stevenson, Elisa, 30, female, black, born in Maryland.

Steward, Elizabeth, 15, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, living in household of attorney Philip Gossler (white).  Page 210B.

Stoks, Sarah, 58, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 247A.
Stoks, Cristian, 22, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Sears, Jacob, 26, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Sears, Henry, 3, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Sears, Sarah, 1, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Sears, Lucy, 26, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Sears, Sarah, 5, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Sears, Daniel, 20, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.

Sumer, William H., 36, male, black, Barber, $500 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 243B.
Sumer, Elizabeth, 34, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Sumer, Virginia, 13, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Sumer, John, 15, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Sweney, Isaac, 52, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 249B.
Sweney, Cathrine, 49, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Isaac C., 22, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Susan, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Mary F., 16, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Barry, 14, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, George, 11, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Cathrine, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Sweney, Henrieta, 6, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Johnson, Martha, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Johnson, Leanora, four months, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Taylor, James, 24, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245A.
Taylor, Sarah A., 20, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Taylor, Ann, 7, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Taylor, Joana, 13, female, mulatto, place of birth unknown, in household of George I. Diller (white), Clerk.  Page 231B.

Taylor, Samuel, 50, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, one person household.  Page 245B.

Thomas, Elizabeth, 30 female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 235A.
Thomas, James J., 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Calvin, 3, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Thomas, Emanuel, 1, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Thomas, Louisa, 25, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Thomas, Martha J., 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Thomas, John, 59, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 247A.
Thomas, Beckey, 35, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Thomas, Susan, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Thomas, Grasan, 28, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Thomas, Sedrila, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thomas, Henry, 5, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Thomas, John J., 2, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Thomas, Ellis, 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Brookins, Pegey, 73, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Thomas, Mary, 40, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write, in household of Henry Breneman (white), Merchant.  Page 227B.

Thompson, Elias, 37, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia.  Page 242B.
Thompson, Mary A., 34, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Thompson, Mary C., 7, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thompson, Martha A., 8, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Thompson, Thomas T., 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Williams, Elizabeth, 23, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Sanders, Richard, 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Graham, Sam, 18, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.

Titus, William, 26, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, living in Andrew Puder dwelling.  Page 242B.
Titus, Elisa, 32, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Titus, Daniel, seven months, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Turner, Saul, 58, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 249B.
Turner, Polly, 48, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Turner, Rankin, 13, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Turner, John, 8, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Underhill, Daniel, 30, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland.  Page 244A.
Underhill, Susan, 23, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Underhill, Sarah, 11, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.

Underhill, Jacob, 30, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 249A.
Underhill, Ellin, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Underhill, Daniel, 8, male, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Underhill, Mary, 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Underhill, Jacob, 2, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Stout, Hetty, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Underhill, Lydia, 30, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  One person household.  Page 234B.

Underhill, Peter, 39, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 229B.
Underhill, Martha, 24, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Walker, Harriet, 14, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, living in household of Henry Myers (white), blacksmith.  Page 202B.

Walker, James, 38, male, black, Waiter, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 205A
Walker, Nancy, 36, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Walker, Margaret, 4, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Walker, Sarah, 1, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Waters, William, 47, male, mulatto, Laborer, $600 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 240B.
Waters, Mary, 41, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Waters, William, 13, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Waters, Mary, 7, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Waters, Thomas, 6, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Waters, Mary, 56, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 240B.
Waters, Rebecka, 54, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Waters, Obidia, 19, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.
Waters, Hannah, 20, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Watkins, William, 64, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 233B.
Watkins, Sarah A., 56, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Watkins, James H., 10, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Watson, Phoebe, 64, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Dwelling also includes Buril Bell family.  Page 249A.
Watson, James, 32, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Watson, Charles, 27, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Watson, George W., 10, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Watson, Henry, 12, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Webb, Harrison, 44, male, mulatto, Clerk, $650 in real estate, born in Maryland.  Page 209B.
Webb, Ann, 34, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Webb, Henry, 15, male, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Webb, Harrison, 12, male, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Webb, Aneta, 6, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Webb, Clara F., eleven months, born in Maryland.
Brown, Elizabeth, 18, female, mulatto, born in Maryland.

Whipper, William (census spelling is Wipper), 43, male, mulatto, Merchant, $2,000 in real estate, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 209A.  Note:  Next door neighbor is Steven Smith, age 28.  (Note:  This is William Whipper, the famous moral reformer and essayist.  He is also an active UGRR agent who hid fugitives in his home)
Whipper, Harriet, 30, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Whipper, Harriet M., 2, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Whipper, Sarah, 10, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Plesent, Sarah F., 18, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.

Wie, William, 35, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Wie, Sobina, 30, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Wilks, Daniel, 39, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.  Page 247B.
Wilks, Rachel, 26, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Wilks, Laura, 7, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Wilks, Sarah, 6, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Wilks, Mary, 4, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilks, Charles, 2, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilks, Stephen, 2, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Wilks, Stephen, 70, male, black, Huckster, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 241B.
Buck, Elizabeth, 69, female, white, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Wilson, Dorcas, 40, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 245B.
Wilson, Jane A., 33, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wilson, Phillis, 17, female, black, born in Maryland.

Wilson, Ellin, 35, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 246A.
Wilson, William, one month, mulatto, born in Maryland.
Jones, Jane, 33, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Freman, John, 18, male, black, Laborer, born in Maryland.
Osborn, Hannah, 15, female, black, born in Maryland.

Wilson, Mary, 25, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 246A.  See also Martha Wilson.
Wilson, Sarah, 6, female, black, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Wilson, Persilia, 5, female, black, born in Maryland, attended school within the year.
Wilson, Julian, 3, female, black, born in Maryland.

Wipper, John, 40, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, in household of German-born physician John Neagly (white).  Page 243A.

Williams, John, 45, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 233A.
Williams, John, 18, male, mulatto, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Williams, Ann, 15, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Williams, Benjamin F., 11, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Williams, Margaret, 9, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Williams, Eliot, 5, male, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.

Williams, Lenord, 35, male, mulatto, Plasterer, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Williams, Rachal, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Williams, Susan, 44, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, living in household of Samuel B. Hise (white), no occupation.  Page 205A.
Johnson, Bosey, 14, female, black, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.  Same household as above.

Wilson, William H., 42, male, mulatto, Shoemaker, $3,000 in real estate, born in Maryland.  Page 211B
Wilson, Roseta, 49, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Wilson, Thomas W., 19, male, mulatto, Shoemaker, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilson, Charles B., 17, male, mulatto, Shoemaker, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Wilson, Mary A., 10, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania, attended school within the year.
Wilson, Heminna, 5, female, mulatto, born in Pennsylvania.
Wilson, Sarah, 62, female, mulatto, born in Maryland, cannot read and write.
Bese, James, 33, male, mulatto, Shoemaker, born in Maryland.

Winston, John, 63, male, black, Carter, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 248A.
Winston, Sarah, 55, female, black, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.

Winston, William, 56, male, black, Laborer, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 248B.
Winston, Debora, 54, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Wright, John L., 24, male, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.  Page 243B.
Wright, Mary, 23, female, mulatto, born in Virginia, cannot read and write.
Randel, Sarah, 25, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Randel, Peter, 1, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.

Young, George, 42, male, black, Laborer, born in Pennsylvania.  Page 248B.
Young, Mary, 47, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.
Young, Amelia, 17, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, Jane, 21, female, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, Henry, 15, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, John, 9, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Smith, George, 5, male, black, born in Pennsylvania.
Worthington, Ann, 55, female, black, born in Pennsylvania, cannot read and write.

Source:

1850 Census, Columbia Borough, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, pages 201B through 251A.  The census data was collected from 12 August 1850 through 5 September 1850, by census enumerator William Hippey.

Victims of the September 1854 Cholera epidemic

In September 1854, cholera raged for two weeks through the town of Columbia, killing many residents.  Below are the names of African American residents, many of whom appear in the census lists above, who died during this time.  Many of the victims fell ill and were dead within hours, according to historians Ellis and Evans, who wrote "When Saturday morning, the 9th, dawned it found its citizens in a panic. During Friday night many persons were seized with the disease, and when daylight came long processions of men, with despair or anxiety depicted upon every countenance, were hurrying to the drug-stores or to the physicians. The disease spared neither age or sex, rich or poor, high or low in society, but swept all before it."  (Ellis, Franklin, and Samuel Evans, History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1883)

Saturday, 9 September 1854
Charles Jackson (colored)
Webster Fox (colored)

Sunday, 10 September 1854
Peter Hun’s child (colored)
Stephen Wikes (colored)
William Wye (colored)
Thomas Goodman (colored)

Monday, 11 September 1854
Henry Barney (colored)
Eliza Stots (colored)

Tuesday, 12 September 1854
Henry Davis (colored)

Thursday, 14 September 1854
Anna Parker (colored), hospital
Sarah Hall (colored), hospital

Monday, 18 September 1854
Sol. Turner (colored)
 

Miscellaneous Items

Obituary of Joshua Strait (Strate)

Dead!--Many of our readers will remember Jos. Strait, a tall, lean and lank colored man, who made himself useful in doing such "jobs" of work as our citizens had on hand when he was the first one that turned up. He is no more. Jos. has gone to "that bourne from whence no traveller e'er returns." He died on Monday last of consumption, in the county prison, where he had been sentenced six months for an assault and battery.
Source: Columbia Spy, 16 February 1856.
Notes: In 1850, Joshua Strait (Strate) was a 22 year old laborer living in the household of the Charles Bowser family. It is not known what, if any relationship Strate had to the Bowsers other than as a boarder. He, like his host family, was born in Maryland, and could not read or write. Competition for jobs in Columbia could be fierce, with a large number of incoming free African Americans, as well as high numbers of fugitive slaves, coming to the this small town on the Susquehanna River. With no particular skills, and handicapped by illiteracy, Joshua Strate was forced to turn to odd jobs to support himself, as noted in his obituary.

His fate--he died in prison of tuberculosis--highlights two distinct problems that faced many fugitive slaves who settled in Columbia as well as in any urban center: crime and disease. In the case of Joshua Strate, details of his conviction are not stated in his obituary. The assault and battery conviction that sent him to prison could have been an isolated incident, or it could have been the final incident that ended a violent existence born of joblessness and subsistence living. Tuberculosis (called "consumption" in his obituary) is an infectious bacterial disease that spreads through close and constant contact with another infected person. It develops slowly and is fatal in more than half of its victims when left untreated. In areas where many people lived close together, shared common living spaces, and had little or no access to medical care, such as the conditions often experienced by fugitive slaves in large towns and cities, tuberculosis was endemic. Though Joshua Strate died of the disease in Lancaster County Prison, he more than likely contracted it from someone in his living quarters before his conviction, as the disease takes a long time to reach the fatal final stages. The term "consumption" was popular because the disease seemed to be consuming its victim from the inside. It was also known as "wasting disease."


 

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