Slaveholders Listed on this Page
- Anderson, Samuel A. (Enslaved persons listed: Rachel)
- Anderson, William B. (Enslaved persons listed: Robert)
- Blaine, Alexander (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah)
- Blaine, James (Enslaved persons listed: Daphney)
- Blaine, William (Enslaved persons listed: Bob)
- Creigh, John (Enslaved persons listed: James)
- English, David (Enslaved persons listed: Poll, Frank, Jude, Rhodey)
- Fisher, James (Enslaved persons listed: Murray, Ned)
- Gibson, Ann (Enslaved persons listed: Sall)
- Gibson, Colonel George (Enslaved persons listed: James, Hannah, Nathaniel, Maria)
- Irwin, John (Enslaved persons listed: Julia, Sharlet)
- Jones, David (Enslaved persons listed: Robert)
- Linn, Andrew (Enslaved persons listed: James Diven, a.k.a. Paddy)
- Linn, Reverend John (Enslaved persons listed: Rachel, Emy, Paddy)
- McMichael, Mrs. (Enslaved persons listed: John, Gerry, Sam, Doll)
- Power, William (Enslaved persons listed: Lucy, Patience)
- Sanderson, John (Enslaved persons listed: Sam)
- Scott, Thomas (Enslaved persons listed: Jeremiah, Edinborough, Judge)
- Snowden, Nathaniel R. (Enslaved persons listed: Lewis)
- Sterret, Ralph (Enslaved persons listed: Doll, Solomon, Kitty, Sall, Jacob, Grace)
- Watts, Frederick (Enslaved persons listed: Jemima, Dick, Barney, Cato, James)
- West, Edward (Enslaved persons listed: Romeo, Poll, name undetermined, Rogetta, Carlos)
- West, Francis (Enslaved persons listed: Poll, Jacob, Lewis, Chamont, Nila, Sligoe, Debby, John)
Enslavement Data
- Slaveholder Name: Anderson, Samuel A.
City or Township: Landisburg
County: Perry County
Occupation: Postmaster at Landisburg
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Sex: Female
Age: Age 60 in 1827
Date of Birth: Circa 1767
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Bequeathed to Samuel Anderson's heirs upon his death in 1827
Date of Record: 1827
Source: Janet Taylor, African Americans in Perry County, 1820-1925
- Slaveholder Name: Anderson, William B., Esq.
City or Township: Toboyne Township
County: Perry County
Occupation:
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Robert
Sex: Male
Age: Age 50 in 1830
Date of Birth: Circa 1780
Status: Probably slave for life
Description: "my Colored Man Robert"
Notes: Per will of William Anderson, was to be freed upon his death
Date of Record: 1832
Source: Janet Taylor, African Americans in Perry County, 1820-1925
- Slaveholder Name: Blaine, Alexander
City or Township: Toboyne Township
County: Perry County
Occupation: Occupation not specified in Hannah's Registration document
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Hanah (Hannah)
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: circa 1760
Status: Enslaved for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record: 06 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 03 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Blaine, James
City or Township: Toboyne Township
County: Perry County
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Daphney
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: circa 1750
Status: Enslaved for life
Description:
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record: 12 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 03 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Blaine, William
City or Township: Toboyne Township
County: Perry County
Occupation: Miller
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Bob
Sex: Male
Age: 5 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1775
Status: Enslaved for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record: 02 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 03 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given in ad
Age: Age not specified in ad, but described as a "young man."
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: Not known
Description: "Young Negro Man"
Status: Not determined
Notes: Advertised to be sold at public auction on April 11, 1792, along with other possessions, to settle the estate of William Blaine. Complete text of auction announcement placed by Blaine's estate executors:
To be Sold by Public Vendue.
On Wednesday the 11th day of April next at the dwelling-house of William Blaine, Esqr. (deceased) late of Toboyne Township, Cumberland county:
HORSES, Cows, Sheep and Hogs; Farming Utensils, and Houshold Furniture; a Young Negro Man, duly registered; a Still and Vessels; a good Road Waggon; a quantity of Wheat, Rye, Corn and Buckwheat, by the bushel and Wheat and Rye in the ground.--
The sale to begin at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, and continue from day to day until all is sold; when due attendance will be given and the terms of sale made known by
SAMUEL LYON, JOHN ARMSTRONG,} Executors.
March 15, 1792.
N.B. At the same time will be exposed to Sale or Rent, a Plantation or Tract of Land (late the property of the deceased) on the South side of Shearman's Creek, adjoining lands of David Harkness and others: together with a small Tract on the North side of said creek, adjoining the place where the deceased formerly lived, whereon is erected a Grist Mill, in good repair, -- if not sold or disposed of before that time.
Based upon the young man's description and registration status, this is probably the enslaved young man Bob, listed above, who would have been about 17 years old at the time of Blaine's death and estate sale.
Date of Record 15 March 1792
Source: The Carlisle Gazette and Western Repository of Knowledge, 28 March 1792.
- Slaveholder Name: Creigh, John, Dr.
City or Township: Landisburg
County: Perry County
Occupation: "Doctor Practioner of Physick"
Notes: See also the listings for Dr. John Creigh in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
- Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: Five days old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: 30 December 1811
Status: Not known
Description: "Mulatto"
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County as the child of an enslaved mother
Date of Record: 04 January 1812
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 03 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: English, David
City or Township: Rye Township
County: Perry County
Occupation: Miller
Notes: The 1780 Registrations in Cumberland County for Poll, Frank, Jude and Rhodey omitted the ages of the enslaved persons, which was a clear violation of law.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Poll
Sex: Female
Age: Age not specified in registration document
Date of Birth:
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto"
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 02 December 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Frank
Sex: Male
Age: Age not specified in registration document
Date of Birth:
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 02 December 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Jude
Sex: Female
Age: Age not specified in registration document
Date of Birth:
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 02 December 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Rhodey
Sex: Female
Age: Age not specified in registration document
Date of Birth:
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 02 December 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Fisher, James
City or Township: Tyrone Township
County: Perry County
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Murray (Mary or Maria?)
Sex: Female
Age: 17
Date of Birth: 1763
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 18 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Ned
Sex: Male
Age: 2
Date of Birth: 1778
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 18 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name Gibson, Ann
City or Township Tyrone Township
Occupation Daughter of Judge Francis West; Widow of Col. George Gibson
Notes See "Gibson, Col. George," for the children Hannah and Nathaniel of the enslaved woman Sall (Sarah). Ann Gibson died 09 February 1809 (Carlisle Gazette, 10 February 1809). Mohter of Pennsylvania Chief Justice John Bannister Gibson.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Sall or Sarah
Age:? (adult)
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: ?
Description: "Mulatto girl"
Status: "Indentured servant" (Although identified as an "indentured servant" in the court case, her children were registered as being enslaved to age 28, indicating she was considered at minimum a slave to age 28, or enslaved for life. The Pennsylvania courts later ruled that children of mothers who were enslaved to age 28 under the Gradual Abolition Act could not in turn be held in enslavement.)
Notes: Documented in Cumberland County court Indictments as follows: "Michael Boys (Buoy) of Tyrone Twp. F&B (fornication and bastardy) with a mulatto girl named Sall, indentured servant to Mrs. Ann Gibson of Tyrone Twp. Sall said that on Aug. 20, 1787 she was delivered of a girl named Hannah; on June 14, 1789 she gave birth to a boy named Nathaniel; on Nov. 26, 1790 she had a daughter named Maria; and on Nov. 24, 1792 she had a daughter named Isabella. She says Michael Buoy is the father of all 4 children. Test: Samuel Laird, John Holmes."
(I have been unable to determine what happened to the child Isabella. She was born after the death of Col. Gibson, below, who registered the other three children, and there is no registration record for Isabella from Col. Gibson's widow, Ann. --Afrolumens Project editor)
Date of Record 1794
Source: Schaumann, "Indictments--1750-1800, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.", Item #1619.
- Slaveholder Name Gibson, Col. George
City or Township Rye Township (1789); Tyrone Township (1789-1791)
Occupation Farmer, Colonel
Notes Died 07 December 1791 of wounds received in battle. Father of Pennsylvania Chief Justice John Bannister Gibson.
- Enslaved Person's Name: James
Age: Four years old at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 26 February 1785
Description: Mulatto
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1789 Registration identifies James' mother as "Sarah."
Date of Record 20 March 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Age: Two years old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 20 August 1787 (per Court document; Col. Gibson reported 30 August 1787)
Description: Mulatto
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1789 Registration identifies Hannah's mother as "Sarah." A Cumberland County court indictment charges Michael Buoy of Tyrone Township as being the father of Hannah and three other children to Sall.
Date of Record 20 March 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Nathaniel
Age: Six months old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 14 June 1789 (per Court document; Col. Gibson reported 15 June 1789)
Description: Mulatto Boy
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1789 Registration identifies Nathaniel's mother as "mulatto mother Sarah." A Cumberland County court indictment charges Michael Buoy of Tyrone Township as being the father of Nathaniel and three other children to Sall.
Date of Record 12 December 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Maria
Age: Five months old at Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 26 November 1790 (per Court document; Col. Gibson reported 08 November 1790)
Description: Mulatto Girl
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: A Cumberland County court indictment charges Michael Buoy of Tyrone Township as being the father of Maria and three other children to Sall.
Date of Record 22 April 1791
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 04 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Irwin, John
City or Township: Rye Township
Occupation: Tavernkeeper
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Julia
Age: Two weeks old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 19 January 1807
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 30 January 1807
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Sharlet
Age: Two months old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 20 January 1810
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 16 March 1810
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Jones, David
City or Township: Rye Township
Occupation: Occupation not included in Registration document for Robert.
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Robert
Age: One week old at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 21 October 1819
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 28 October 1819
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name Linn, Andrew
City or Township Toboyne Township
Occupation
Notes
- Enslaved Person's Name: James Diven, a.k.a. Pad or Paddy
Age: "aged about 22 years"
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 15 August 1805
Description: "Mulatto Man"
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Apparently the former property of Rev. Linn, and sold as part of Linn's estate in 1826.
Escape ad from the Perry Forester:
Six Cents Reward. Ran away from the subscriber, living in Toboyne Township Perry County, on the second of June inst., an indented Mulatto Man, aged about 22 years; who calls himself James Diven, but is better known by the name of Pad. He had on, when he ran off, a brown underjacket, tow check pantaloons, and half-worn roram hat. Whoever takes up said runaway and returns him to the subscriber, shall have the above reward, but no other charges will be allowed. ANDREW LINN.
Toboyne Township, June 22nd, 1826.
Date of Record 22 June1826
Source: Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania
- Slaveholder Name Linn, Rev. John
City or Township Tyrone Township
Occupation "Reverend Minister" (from Registration documents)
Notes: Born in Adams County in 1749. In December 1776 he was licensed by the Presbytery of Donegal and assigned to the congregations in Shermans Valley, where he remained the rest of his life. Trustee of Dickinson College, 1783-1820. Died 30 August, 1820 at 71 years of age. His tombstone notes: "Pastor of this Congregation in union with the upper Church in this valley for 43 years." His wife was Mary Gettys (1753-1823). Both are buried in the Centre Presbyterian Church burial ground, Madison Township, Perry County.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Age: ? (adult in 1795)
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: ? (pre-1780)
Description:
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Mother of Emy.
Date of Record 1795
Source: Wing, History of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
- Enslaved Person's Name: Emy
Age: Two months old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 07 February 1796
Description: "Mulatto"
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1796 Registration from Cumberland County lists Emy's mother as "Rachel." The 1820 census for Perry County, Tyrone Township, lists two "free Blacks" as living with Rev. Linn. One is a female, aged between 14 and 26 years, probably Emy, and the other is a male, aged under 14 years, probably Paddy.
Date of Record 15 April 1796
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Paddy
Age: One month old at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 15 August 1805
Description: "Mulatto"
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: The 1820 census for Perry County, Tyrone Township, lists two "free Blacks" as living with Rev. Linn. One is a female, aged between 14 and 26 years, probably Emy, and the other is a male, aged under 14 years, probably Paddy.
Offered for sale in the December 02, 1820 edition of the newspaper Perry Forester, as part of the estate of Rev. Linn. Partial text of ad, as quoted in source 116: "unexpired time of a Mulatti Boy, aged 15 years." The same paper listed him again in 1826: "For Sale, a healthy, stout, mulatto man, aged about 22 years. To be sold as the property of the Rev. John Linn, deceased."
This is apparently the enslaved man who ran away from Andrew Linn on June 02, 1826, shortly after being sold. See the entry under "Linn, Andrew."
Date of Record 26 September 1805 (Registration)
Sources: Slave Returns Listings; Wing, History of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name McMichael, Mrs.
City or Township Tyrone Township
Occupation Widow
Notes: Possibly Mary, wife of John McMichael, who died circa 1773. Transcripts of Tax lists for "Widow McMichael" of Tyrone Township, Cumberland County, for 1780 and 1781, do not show any "Negroes" in her possession for those years. the four enslaved people listed below were registered by her in Carlisle, per law, in October 1780. Needs more research.
- Enslaved Person's Name: John
Age: 18
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 1762
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 26 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Gerry
Age: 6
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 1774
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 26 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Sam
Age: 4
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 1776
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 26 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Doll
Age: 2
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 1778
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 26 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 05 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Power, William
City or Township: Juniata Township
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Lucy
Age: Two years and eight months old at Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 02 July 1800
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: No indication given as to why this enslaved child was registered two years late
Date of Record 08 March 1803
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Patience
Slave Age
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 16 February 1803
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes:
Date of Record 08 March 1803
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Sanderson, John
City or Township: Tyrone Township
Occupation: Farmer, Distiller
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Sam
Age: 28
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 1752
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Registered in Cumberland County
Date of Record 27 October 1780
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Scott, Thomas
City or Township: Rye Township (1791); Juniata Township (1794)
Occupation: Esquire, Farmer
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Jeremiah
Age: One year old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September or October 1791
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1792 Registration lists Jeremiah's mother as "Nancy." Registered at Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 31 October 1792
Sources: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Edinborough
Age: Five months old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 10 May 1792
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1792 Registration lists Edinborough's mother as "Dinah." Registered at Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 31 October 1792
Sources: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Judge
Age: Two weeks old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 08 May 1794
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered at Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 20 May1794
Sources: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Snowden, Nathaniel R.
City or Township: Greenwood Township
Occupation: "Reverend Minister"
Notes:
- Enslaved Person's Name: Lewis
Age: One month old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 17 December 1819
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered at Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 28 January 1820
Sources: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: Sterret, Ralph
City or Township: Rye Township
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Surname spelled "Starret" in registration documents.
- Enslaved Person's Name Doll
Age 7 years old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: February 1782
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes
Date of Record 1789; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Solomon
Age 5 years old at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September 1784
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes
Date of Record 1789; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Kitty
Age Two years old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: March 1787
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes
Date of Record 1789; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Sall
Age 5 months old at time of Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 08 October 1789
Description: No racial description included in Registration
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes
Date of Record 24 March 1790; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Jacob
Age 21
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: circa 1759
Description
Status: Slave for life.
Notes
Date of Record 22 August 1780; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Register of Negro and Mulatto Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Grace
Age 15
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: circa 1765
Description
Status: Slave for life
Notes
Date of Record 22 August 1780; Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Source: Register of Negro and Mulatto Slaves
- Slaveholder Name Watts, Frederick
City or Township Rye Township
Occupation Farmer, lawyer, politician, soldier
Notes 1789 Registrations include note: "Member of the Supreme Executive Council."
Watts was a member of the 1779 Pennsylvania Assembly, and voted in favor of the Gradual Emancipation Act, despite being a slaveholder.
He and his wife, Jane Murray Watts, emigrated from Wales to Chester County in 1760, and soon thereafter moved to Rye Township (modern Perry County). Father of David Watts.
Regimental commander in the Continental Army's "Flying Camp."
Watts was also a vestryman in the Episcopalian Church.
Tax Records-- 1780 assessment: 250 acres; 1 still; 3 horses; 5 cows; 1 18 year-old "mulatto wench" named Jemima. (Alosi, page 17)
- Enslaved Person's Name Jemima
Age 18
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 16 February 1762
Description: "A Mulatto Servant Wench"
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Date of birth is recorded in registration.
Date of Record October 4, 1780
Sources: Register of Negro and Mulatto Slaves | Alosi, "Slavery in Post Revolutionary Cumberland County, 1780-1810," page 17
- Enslaved Person's Name: Dick
Age: 02
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: April 1787
Description: Mulatto Boy
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 30 October 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February
- Enslaved Person's Name Barny (Barney)
Age 4 years old at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: July 1785
Description: Mulatto Boy
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record 30 October 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Age: Six months old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 11 November 1789
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record 10 May 1790
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name: James
Age: One year and four months old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 18 March 1793
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record: 13 July 1794
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name: West, Edward
City or Township: Tyrone Township
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Edward inherited several slaves from his father, Francis West, according to his father's will, dated September 06, 1781. Those slaves were a Mulatto man named Sligo(e), a Mulatto man named Jacob, and a Mulatto child named Lewis. In a 1782 codicil to the will, West also received the "negro wench Poll." (Source: Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania)
- Enslaved Person's Name Romeo
Age Infant at time of Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 30 April 1793
Description
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: 1793 Registration lists Romeo's mother as "negro Poll."
Date of Record 1793
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Poll
Age
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 29 November 1789
Description: Negro
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record 20 May 1790
Source: Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Undetermined
Age Infant at time of Registration
Sex: Undetermined
Date of Birth: 29 November 1789 (?)
Description: Negro child
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Original copy of registration form in shreds. Partial information indicates one Negro child belonging to Edward West, possible date of birth is 29 November, 1789.
Date of Record 29 November 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves
- Enslaved Person's Name Rogetta or Rosetta
Age One year and nine months old at Registration
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: June 1787
Description: Mulatto
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record 30 March 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Carlos
Age: Four years old at Registration
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: July 1784
Description: Negro Boy
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Registered in Carlisle, Cumberland County.
Date of Record 30 March 1789
Source: Registrations of Children of Slaves; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Slaveholder Name West, Francis
City or Township Tyrone Township
Occupation Esquire; Judge
Notes Emigrated from Westover, England in 1754. Settled in Carlisle and became a Justice of the Peace. His will was dated September 06, 1781 and probated December 31, 1783 (Book "D" Page 193, Register of Wills, Carlisle).
- Enslaved Person's Name Poll
Age 17a
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: circa 1763 (Cory Young's JATR database records the year of birth as "1757.")
Description Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to his will, dated 1781, West left the "negro wench called Poll" to his sons William and Edward, and his brother-in-law Alexander Lowry (the estate executors) who were to sell the woman (as well as some land bequeathed) and use the proceeds to support his daughter Ann, wife of George Gibson.
A codicil to the will, dated April 24, 1782, instead gave Poll to Edward West.
Mother of Romeo, born 30 April 1793 and Registered in Carlisle by Edward West.
Date of Record 22 August 1780 (Registration); 31 December 1783 (will probated)
Sources: Slave Returns Listings | Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania
- Enslaved Person's Name Jacob
Age 34a
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: circa 1746
Description: Mulatto
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to the will of Francis West, dated 1781, West left "Sligo," Jacob and Lewis to his son Edward West, as well as 250 acres of land in Fermanagh Township.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Sources: Slave Returns Listings| Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Lewis
Age 06
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: 10 November 1774 (Cory Young's JATR database records the year of birth as "1779.")
Description: Mulatto (Cory Young's JATR database transcribes the description as "Mestoe.")
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to the will of Francis West, dated 1781, West left "Sligo," Jacob and Lewis to his son Edward West, as well as 250 acres of land in Fermanagh Township.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Sources: Slave Returns Listings| Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Chamont
Age 09a
Sex: Undetermined
Date of Birth: circa 1771
Description: "Mulatto boy"
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to his will, dated 1781, West left his "mulatto boy, Chamont," and some Northumberland County land to his son William.
A codicil to the will, dated July 12, 1783, instead gave the land and slave to John Donnelson, a Philadelphia merchant "in trust for sole use and benefit of said son William West. . .at the request of said William West they be sold to said William West, or any other person, and the benefits accrue to William West."
Date of Record: 22 August 1780 (Registration)
Sources: Slave Returns Listings| Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Mila or Nila
Age 03a
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: circa 1777
Description: Mulatto Girl; child
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to the will of Francis West, dated 1781, the child "Nila" was left to West's granddaughter Mary Mitchell, unless she would die without heirs, in which case Nila would go to the estate's executors for the use of Ann West Gibson.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Sources: Slave Returns Listings| Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania; ; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Sligoe
Age 50a
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: circa 1730
Description
Status: Slave for life
Notes: According to the will of Francis West, dated 1781, West left "Sligo," Jacob and Lewis to his son Edward West, as well as 250 acres of land in Fermanagh Township.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Sources: 44 | Hain, History of Perry County, Pennsylvania; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name Debby
Age 50a
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: circa 1730
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: Debby was not included in the will of Francis West, dated September 06, 1781, indicating that she was not with the family at that time.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Source: Slave Returns Listings; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
- Enslaved Person's Name John
Age 29a
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: circa 1751
Description: Negro
Status: Slave for life
Notes: John was not included in the will of Francis West, dated September 06, 1781, indicating that he was not with the family at that time.
Date of Record 22 August 1780
Source: Slave Returns Listings; Young, Cory James. "A Just and True Return: Pennsylvania’s Surviving County Slave Registries, 1780-1826." Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation 3, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25971/QS08-YE30. Accessed 06 February 2025.
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